Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-15, inqwaba yemikhumbi yasuka eNanjing.Bekungokokuqala ochungechungeni lohambo lwemikhumbi, isikhathi esifushane, olwaluzosungula iShayina njengamandla ahamba phambili enkathini.Uhambo beluholwa u-Zheng He, umhambi wase-China obaluleke kakhulu owake waba khona futhi ongomunye wamatilosi amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni.Eqinisweni, abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi wayeyimodeli yokuqala yenganekwane uSinbad the Sailor.
Ngo-1371, uZheng He wazalelwa endaweni manje ebizwa ngokuthi iSifundazwe saseYunnan kubazali abangamaSulumane, abambiza ngokuthi uMa Sanpao.Lapho eneminyaka engu-11 ubudala, amabutho akwaMing ahlasela uMa amyisa eNanjing.Lapho wathenwa futhi wenziwa ukuba akhonze njengomthenwa endlini yobukhosi.
U-Ma waba umngane nenkosana lapho kamuva eyaba yi-Yong Le Emperor, omunye wabahlonishwa kakhulu boBukhosi baseMing.Enesibindi, eqinile, ehlakaniphe futhi eqotho ngokuphelele, uMa wazuza ukwethenjwa yinkosana okwathi ngemva kokungena esihlalweni sobukhosi, yamnika igama elisha futhi yamenza uMthenwa Omkhulu Wobukhosi.
U-Yong Le wayengumbusi owayenesifiso sokuvelela owayekholelwa ukuthi ubukhulu beShayina buzokwengezwa ngenqubomgomo “yomnyango ovulekile” mayelana nohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezokuxhumana.Ngo-1405, wayala imikhumbi yamaShayina ukuba ihambe iye e-Indian Ocean, futhi yabeka uZheng He ophethe uhambo.UZheng uqhubekile nokuhola izinkambo eziyisikhombisa eminyakeni engama-28, ehambela amazwe angaphezu kwama-40.
Imikhumbi kaZheng yayinemikhumbi engaphezu kuka-300 namatilosi angu-30,000.Imikhumbi emikhulu, "imikhumbi yamagugu" engamamitha angu-133 ubude, yayinezinsika ezifika kweziyisishiyagalolunye futhi ingathwala abantu abayinkulungwane.Ekanye neqembu lamaHan namaSulumane, uZheng wavula imizila yezohwebo e-Afrika, eNdiya naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.
Lolu hambo lwasiza ukwandisa isithakazelo sakwamanye amazwe ezimpahleni zaseShayina ezifana nosilika nobumba.Ngaphezu kwalokho, uZheng He wabuya nezinto zakwamanye amazwe eChina, kuhlanganise nendlulamithi yokuqala eyake yabonwa lapho.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amandla asobala emikhumbi ayesho ukuthi uMbusi waseShayina wayala inhlonipho futhi waphefumulela ukwesaba kulo lonke elase-Asia.
Nakuba inhloso eyinhloko kaZheng He kwakuwukubonisa ukuphakama kweMing China, wayevame ukuhileleka kwezombusazwe zendawo ayezivakashela.Ngokwesibonelo, eCeylon wasiza ekubuyiseleni umbusi osemthethweni esihlalweni sobukhosi.Esiqhingini saseSumatra, manje esiyingxenye ye-Indonesia, wanqoba ibutho lesigebengu esiyingozi futhi wasiyisa eChina ukuze sibulawe.
Nakuba uZheng He ashona ngo-1433 futhi cishe wangcwatshwa olwandle, ithuna nesikhumbuzo sakhe esincane sisekhona eSifundazweni SaseJiangsu.Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu uZheng He eshonile, umbusi omusha wakuvimba ukwakhiwa kwemikhumbi yasolwandle, futhi isikhathi esifushane saseChina sokwandisa imikhumbi yasolwandle sase siphelile.Inqubomgomo yamaShayina yaphendukela ngaphakathi, yashiya ulwandle lucacile emazweni akhulayo aseYurophu.
Imibono iyahlukahluka ngokuthi kungani kwenzeke lokhu.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sasiyini isizathu, amabutho aqinile azuza amandla, futhi amandla eChina okubusa umhlaba awazange afezeke.Amarekhodi ohambo lukaZheng He olumangalisayo ashiswa.Kwaze kwaba ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 lapho enye imikhumbi emikhulu emikhulu yafika olwandle.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-10-2022